its deeper moral foundations. Love is not an alternative to reason. Love solves no concrete social problems. But love is a moral energy that gives direction to reason, so that reason can be empowered to work at finding technical solutions to problems within its own sphere of competency. As Benedict writes in Deus Caritas Est, “Faith enables reason to do its work more effectively and to see its proper object more clearly.”31 Modern Western societies, according to Ratzinger, are dying from